A Corpus of 21st Century Scots Texts

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Concordance

Enter a word to find all occurrences of, for example sonsie

The word 'ref'

- basic concord - pre-sorted concord - post-sorted concord - map and chronology - chronogrid - similar spellings -

Use in varieties of Scots

Dialect map - Usage over time
refOccurrences normalised per million wordsOccurrencesAuthors
Total Corpus10.53516
ORK - Orkney
SHD - Shetland
TON - Tonge
NNB - North Northern B (Caithness)
NNA - North Northern A (Black Isle)
MNA - Mid Northern A 3.3 1 1
MNB - Mid Northern B
SNO - South Northern
ABN - Aberdeen
DOR - General Northern 48.8 11 5
NEC - North East Central
SEC - (South) East Central 18 7 2
WCE - West Central
DUN - Dundee
EDN - Edinburgh
GLA - Glasgow 5 1 1
AYR - Ayrshire
LAL - General Central 7.9 6 5
SEA - South East (Borders) 109 9 2
SWE - South West (Galloway)
DUL - Donegal (East Donegal)
WUL - West Ulster (Letterkenny / L'Derry)
CUL - Coleraine Ulster (North Antrim)
BUL - Ballymena Ulster (Mid Antrim)
SUL - South Antrim (Between Sixmilewater and Belfast)
BEL - Eastern Ulster (Belfast)
PUL - Peninsular Ulster (Ards)
EUL - East Antrim (Larne)
GUL - General Ulster
SYN - Synthetic (no region)

Occurrences of ref in Corpus

In order to avoid violating copyright law and abide by 'fair use', only up to the first five occurrences of the search term are displayed for each article.

Mid Northern A

@JamieFairbairn1 tweeted
Knock heid. In 1620 there's a ref to Quhytehillis, later Whiteh (2020) twitter link

General Northern

Smith, Alex A Fer Chauve, (self-published 2005) Doric, prose
teams were stripped an the ref wis inspectin players fitba b
ere in the same room) Fin the ref came tae een o the opposin pl
2 matches

@72redz1903 tweeted
een them given - see V Hibs. Ref actually gives it tae them (2023) twitter link
lcitrant Westminster and anti-ref consensus (2022) twitter link
ed me in the lead up tae ‘14 ref was the promise of a differen (2021) twitter link

@beast_afc tweeted
lute. Foo disnae the slob o a ref stie on his taes or shift his(2020)
hould be back up and pressin, ref wisnae gonna change. Christie(2020)
an we get wee McCollum as oor ref?(2020)

@cligeey tweeted
roon disna work we a European ref min(2020)

@Manuforti1968 tweeted
@watterloony Ref should o took him ower his kn(2020)

(South) East Central

Purdie, David C. Lallans 82 - The Cream Cookie, (Lallans Magazine 2013) Central - Midlothian, prose
near cawed his teeth oot. The ref nivver seen naethin, or aibli on page 60

1 matches

@kennethbryce184 tweeted
@AlanRutherford1 theyll hae a ref n twae linesman fae cowdenbea (2021) twitter link
e tae me - whats the fuss - ref didnae fancy it lol (2021) twitter link
@gcbinnie yet another ref up north - goin against the (2020) twitter link
an thru in the second half - ref wis poor likes (2020) twitter link
fecked when yuve no got the ref as your 12the man - cheerio (2020) twitter link
and 1 other occurrences.

Glasgow

Geraghty, Martin A Bad Sport, (ABCTales.com 2021) Central - Glasgow, prose
dae an holdin’ it up like a ref dishin’ oot a red card. ‘
1 matches

General Central

Fitt, Matthew Kate O Shanter's Tale: And Other Poems, (Luath 2003 ISBN: 978-1842820285) Central, poetry
and the ref, aw dour and surly, on page 4

2 matches

@Seperatist_No1 tweeted
ould really say aboot an indy ref, nvm a yesser saying it and t(2020)

@MartinBroon tweeted
Fitbaw Did some South African ref no do Us ootta something a co(2019)

@OliphantWullie tweeted
stadium had NAE idea whit the ref wis daein at oor equaliser, w (2022) twitter link

@bigandymccoll tweeted
she'll get her desired 3-way ref (probly with WM accord) and t (2022) twitter link

South East (Borders)

@cammyrudkin tweeted
bees rite cum on then.....the ref wus shite, the ref wus crap b(2020)
es rite cum on then.......the ref wus shite, the ref wus crap b(2020)
nto @stumcculloch @suzzy287 a ref yin game and e say is aw ma f(2012)
!! Bit least aken am a better ref than e r a player #yahoooooo(2012)
miain e ken yircel tho #al no ref the world cup final in 3012 i(2012)
and 1 other occurrences.

@jamie_ginger tweeted
ckler9 might aswell blame the ref aswell hei is fuckin useless (2012)