A Corpus of 21st Century Scots Texts

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Concordance

Enter a word to find all occurrences of, for example sonsie

The word 'refers'

- basic concord - pre-sorted concord - post-sorted concord - map and chronology - chronogrid - similar spellings -

Use in varieties of Scots

Dialect map - Usage over time
refersOccurrences normalised per million wordsOccurrencesAuthors
Total Corpus8.12713
ORK - Orkney
SHD - Shetland 23.2 4 2
TON - Tonge
NNB - North Northern B (Caithness)
NNA - North Northern A (Black Isle)
MNA - Mid Northern A
MNB - Mid Northern B
SNO - South Northern 325.5 2 1
ABN - Aberdeen
DOR - General Northern
NEC - North East Central
SEC - (South) East Central 5.2 2 1
WCE - West Central 8.9 2 1
DUN - Dundee 42.5 4 1
EDN - Edinburgh
GLA - Glasgow
AYR - Ayrshire
LAL - General Central 14.4 11 6
SEA - South East (Borders)
SWE - South West (Galloway) 27.9 2 1
DUL - Donegal (East Donegal)
WUL - West Ulster (Letterkenny / L'Derry)
CUL - Coleraine Ulster (North Antrim)
BUL - Ballymena Ulster (Mid Antrim)
SUL - South Antrim (Between Sixmilewater and Belfast)
BEL - Eastern Ulster (Belfast)
PUL - Peninsular Ulster (Ards)
EUL - East Antrim (Larne)
GUL - General Ulster
SYN - Synthetic (no region)

Occurrences of refers in Corpus

In order to avoid violating copyright law and abide by 'fair use', only up to the first five occurrences of the search term are displayed for each article.

Shetland

I Hear Dee Shaetlan A primer - v. 1.1, (I Hear Dee 2022) Shetland, prose
MINALS: ENTITIES AN THINGS AT REFERS TAE ENTITIES on page 44
Proper nouns refers tae parteeclar bodies or plae on page 47
Verbs refers tae actions (laek dance, hoss on page 69

3 matches

Tait, John M Shaetlan is Daed - Lang live Dialect, (Shetland Dialect Conference 2004 2004) Shetland, prose
r maybe better ‘mist’, at refers ta ooncoontable things at aa
1 matches

South Northern

Vettese, Raymond Lallans 73 - reviews, (Lallans Magazine 2008) Doric - Montrose, prose
Edinburgh...', Aubrey Manning refers til him as: a completely mode on page 125

1 matches

Vettese, Raymond Lallans 73 - Reviews, (Lallans Magazine 2008) Doric, prose
inburgh...’, Aubrey Manning refers til him as: a completely mode
1 matches

(South) East Central

Fairnie, Robert Scots Tung WITTINS Nummer 175, (self-published 2008) Central - Musselburgh, newspaper
a unreconstructit males still refers tae weemin as 'doll', 'sweeth
1 matches

Fairnie, Robert Scots Tung WITTINS Nummer 105, (self-published 2002) Central, newspaper
his opening sentence, he then refers to him as "Haining" for the r
1 matches

West Central

Farrow, Kenneth D. Lallans 71 - Review - Auld Campaigner: A Life of Alexander Scott, (Lallans Magazine 2007) Central, prose
begins wi ‘Aberdeen’, an refers ti the Scottish ceitie o gryt
o the buikish Scots that Robb refers til airlier, an that Scott we
2 matches

Dundee

McHardy, Stuart The Wey Forrit, (Luath 2017 ISBN: 978-1912147014) Central, prose
nant, as anither freen o mine refers tae it, an hou we had managed on page 17

1 matches

McHardy, Stuart Speakin o Dundee: Tales Tellt Aroun the Toun, (Luath 2010 ISBN: 978-1-906817-25-1) Central - Dundee, prose
ition we hae concernin Dundee refers back tae the very stairt o Sc on page 13
in an roun Dundee. This tale refers tae events that were said tae on page 14

3 matches

General Central

Horsbroch, Dauvit Scots Warks - Uphaud an guidance for screivars, (Scots Language Centre 2015) Central, government
It affen refers tae: on page 19

1 matches

Gillon, Karen Report on Inquiry intil the role o, (Education, Culture an Sport Comatee 2003) Central, government
nal or minority leid is uised refers tae the
missions ingaithered, a wheen refers tae research done that
2 matches

Robertson, Colin Lallans 81 - Wildlaw, (Lallans Magazine 2012) Central, prose
biosphere. In Inglis, lawers refers ti legal philosophie as ‘ju
1 matches

Douglas, Ashley Scotland’s linguistic launscape – Scottish Staunart English and Scots, (languagereach.com 2021) Central, prose
h’ is yaised fae noo on, it refers tae thon variety.
1 matches

Douglas, Ashley Fur maist o history, anonymous wis a wumman, (Scottish Poetry Library 2022) Central, prose
Forby, poem 89 refers tae hoo their “constancie/d
1 matches

Douglas, Ashley Scotland’s Linguistic Landscape - Scots and Gaelic, (Translation Services 24 2022) Central, prose
h doesnae. Fur exemple, Scots refers tae speikin “the Doric” o
. In siblike mainner, Gaelic refers tae itsel in a wheen contexts
AY-lik [/ˈɡeɪlɪk/], which refers tae the Gaelic spak in Irelan
3 matches

@RickHJohnston tweeted
t (claething) till may be oot refers tae the Mayflower (Hawthorn) (2022) twitter link

@ThonJacobite tweeted
ers o' 'people' tae which she refers are men. No a woman or bairn (2021) twitter link

South West (Galloway)

Niven, Liz Lallans 59 - Painting the Forth Bridge: A Search for Scottish Identity, (Lallans Magazine 2001) Central, newspaper
e Golf in Scotlan, MacDougall refers tae the democratic element o on page 84

2 matches

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